Abstract

Background and purpose
The rapid and scattered horizontal expansion of Tehran has led to unrestrained development towards the north, west, and south of the city. District 21, despite numerous unresolved issues in the metropolis of Tehran, has grown, including the Northern Tehransar neighborhood (Bashgah Naft). This uncontrolled scattered growth in Tehran has brought environmental issues, access problems, pollution, waste, etc., to the neighborhood. Therefore, the researchers aim to investigate the relationship between urban environmental components and smart growth components in the Northern Tehransar neighborhood.
Methodology
This applied and practical research gathers information through library and documentary studies, with findings from field surveys and questionnaires. The study area is the Northern Tehransar neighborhood (Bashgah Naft) in District 21 of Tehran. According to the 2016 census, the population of the neighborhood is 60163. Using Cochran's sampling method with a 5% error rate, a sample size of 381 people was selected. Given the research topic, an "analytical and correlational" approach was used to review, evaluate, and analyze information, criteria, and research components.  Using a random sampling method, data were collected through statistical analyses and questionnaires: Data analysis employed stepwise regression tests and Pearson correlation coefficient within the SPSS software. The researchers presented a conceptual model for better understanding and establishing a logical connection between theoretical foundations, relevant concepts, and previous research data. All components were integrated and categorized into 4 criteria, 12 sub-criteria, and 47 indices.
Findings and discussion
Data for this study were collected through questionnaires and field studies within the Northern Tehransar neighborhood. To create sufficient scientific evidence for achieving the research objectives, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analyses were conducted using SPSS software. To examine the relationship between the criteria and the proposed practical model in the Northern Tehransar neighborhood, Pearson correlation coefficient tests were performed. Additionally, the stepwise regression method was used to assess the impact of the model's criteria on the neighborhood. Consequently, all components were computed, and in the stepwise multiple regression method, the 4 research criteria were entered into the equation as influencing factors.
Conclusion
Results from the Pearson correlation test indicate a significant relationship between the research criteria and the practical model. The relationship is direct, meaning that the higher the correlation between the criteria and the practical model in the Northern Tehransar neighborhood, the better the environmental quality and citizen satisfaction. Furthermore, stepwise regression results showed that among the criteria affecting the practical composite model in the Northern Tehransar neighborhood, the physical criterion had the least impact, while the pollutants and purifiers criterion had the most impact on the neighborhood.