Sustainable Development of Geographical Environment

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

News

The Practical Concept of Green Smart Building (Case Study: District 1, City of Tehran)

,

Document Type : Original article

Abstract

Background and purpose
Sustainable and green approaches in architecture are expanding due to the importance of achieving goals of reducing carbon footprint and adapting to the consequences of global warming. The design and construction of smart green buildings have been considered as an efficient model in terms of energy consumption and meeting the needs of residents. Smart green buildings use the green Internet of Things and ICT. In addition to the proper management of energy, water, and waste, they affect the health and quality of the indoor environment, while the investment cost and higher selling price may limit their development. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the feasibility of green smart building concept implementation from the project beneficiaries’ perspective in Iran, analyzing the views of residents and home buyers.
Methods
This applied research uses an analytical-descriptive method based on desk research, field studies, and questionnaires. The effective factors in the application of smart green building concepts, as the innovation of the study, have been investigated with its goals including technology, energy saving, and creating a healthy and clean environment. A questionnaire with 39 questions was designed, encompassing four dimensions comprising the benefits of smart green building, factors affecting buyers' willingness, estimation of necessary cost for construction, and factors affecting the implementation of smart green concept in construction. Then, possible effective factors in the successful implementation of green building criteria were classified into three categories: leadership and responsibility, principles and techniques, and feedback and creating public trust. The research was conducted focusing on District 1 of Tehran in the northernmost part of the city, and the resident households with the ability to purchase a green residential unit with an added value equal to 10-31% compared to normal units formed the target statistical population. In the pre-test stage, the questionnaire was distributed among 30 individuals and the sample size was obtained by analyzing the data. After collecting the data, all statistical analyzes analyses were done using SPSS software.
Findings and discussion
The results of the survey of 62 responses to the questionnaire show that among the advantages of smart green buildings, energy efficiency, material efficiency, and land efficiency are more important, respectively. Most respondents believe that green smart buildings save maintenance costs and thus reduce energy demand for lighting, heating, and air conditioning. Economic incentives are the priority of policy measures, and granting tax discounts to buyers of green housing affects buyers' willingness. Labeling buildings and paying subsidized loans and grants are in the next positions. Moreover, half of the respondents estimated the added value needed to build a house or apartment with a green rating compared with a similar normal house or apartment to be more than 30%, which is congruent with previous studies. Buyers' willingness to pay additional prices rises with increasing income and 40.3% of respondents are willing to pay more to buy a green smart building as a new house or apartment.
Conclusion
To increase buyers’ willingness to pay extra, it is necessary to moderate the price of green buildings. Providing suitable platforms to raise public awareness about the concept of green building can help users and consumers to make proper decisions. Currently, green building is prioritized due to its environmental effects. Nevertheless, it is necessary to consider its potential economic and human benefits, which is one of the key points for the success of green buildings in the future. The successful implementation of the smart green building program requires defining the vision and technological instructions, preparing a road map, and then prioritizing and streamlining the construction and renovation projects with the aim of sustainability.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References
 
Abbaszadeh, S., Zagreus, L., Lehrer, D. and Huizenga, C., 2006. Occupant satisfaction with indoor environmental quality in green buildings. Proceedings of Healthy Buildings: 3, 365-370, https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9rf7p4bs.
Antunes, M.E., Barroca, J.G. and de Oliviera, D.G., 2021. Urban future with a purpose. Deloitte. https://www.deloitte.com/content/dam/assets-shared/legacy/docs/perspectives/2022/deloitte-urban-future-with-a-purpose-study-set2021.pdf
Awadh, O., 2017. Sustainability and green building rating systems: LEED, BREEAM, GSAS, and Estidama critical analysis. Journal of. Building Engineering: 11, 25-29, DOI: 10.1016/J.JOBE.2017.03.010
Balaban, O. and Puppim de Oliviera, J.A., 2017. Sustainable buildings for healthier cities: assessing the co-benefits of green buildings in Japan. Journal of. Cleaner Production: 163(1), 68-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.01.086.
Chew, M.Y.L., Conejos, S. and Asmone, A.S., 2017. Developing a research framework for the green maintainability of buildings. Facilities: 35(1-2), 39-63, DOI: 10.1108/F-08-2015-0059. Cole, R.J., 2012. Regenerative design and development: current theory and practice, Journal of Building Research & Information: 40, 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2012.617516. Darko, A. and Chan, A.P.C., 2017. Review of barriers to green building adoption, Journal of Sustainable
Development: 25(3), 167-179, DOI: 10.1002/sd.1651.
Deng, W., Yang, T., Tang, L. and Tang, Y.T., 2016. Barriers and Policy Recommendations for Developing Green Buildings from Local Government Perspective: A Case Study of Ningbo China, Journal of Intelligent Buildings International: 10(2), 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2016.1248342.
Doan, D.T., Ghaffarianhoseini, A., Naismith, N., Zhang, T., Ghaffarianhoseini, A. and Tookey, J., 2017. A critical comparison of green building rating systems. Journal of Building and Environment: 123, 243-260, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.07.007.
Hoffman, A. and Henn, R., 2008. Overcoming the social and psychological barriers to green building, Journal of Organization and Environment: 21(4), 390-419, https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026608326129. Hopkins, E.A., 2016. Barriers to adoption of campus green building policies, Journal of Smart and
Sustainable Built Environment: 5(4), 340-351, DOI: 10.1108/SASBE-07-2016-0016.
Hwang, B.G., Shan, M., Phua, H. and Chi, S., 2017. An exploratory analysis of risks in green residential building construction projects: the case of Singapore. Journal of Sustainability: 9(7) art. no. 1116, https://doi.org/10.3390/su9071116.
International Energy Agency, 2021. IEA at COP26: The Role of Energy Efficient Buildings on the Path to Net-Zero - Strategies for policymakers. https://www.iea.org/events/iea-at-cop26-the-role-of-energy-efficient-buildings-on-the-path-to-net-zero-strategies-for-policy-makers
Isa, M., Rahman, M.M.G.M.A., Sipan, I. and Hwa, T.K., 2013. Factors affecting green office building investment in Malaysia, Journal of Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences: 105, 138-148, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.11.015.
Joachim, O.I., Kamarudin, N., Aliagha, G.U. and Ufere, K.J., 2015. Theoretical explanations of
environmental motivations and expectations of clients on green building demand and investment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science: 23, 012010, DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/23/1/012010.
Kang, S., Ou, D. and Mak, C.M., 2017. The impact of indoor environmental quality on work productivity in university open-plan research offices, Journal of Building and Environment: 124, 78-89, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.07.003.
Kats, G., 2006. Greening America's Schools: Costs and Benefits. Greening Our Built World: Costs, Benefits, and Strategies. A Capital-E Report. Island Press: 26 p.
Kats, G., Alevantis, L., Berman, A., Mills, E. and Perlman, J., 2003. The Costs and Financial Benefits of Green Buildings. A Report to California's Sustainable Building Task Force, Report by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA. p.10.
Komurlu, R., Arditi, D. and Gurgun, A.P., 2014. Applicability of LEED's energy and atmosphere category in three developing countries. Journal of Energy and Buildings: 84, 690-697, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.07.095.
Langdon, D., 2007. Cost of the Green Revisited: Reexamining the Feasibility and Cost Impact of Sustainable Design in the Light of Increased Market Adoption, http://www.davislangdon.com/upload/images/publications/USA (Accessed 10 October 2016). May, P.J. and Koski, C., 2007. State environmental policies: analyzing green building mandates, Journal of Review of Policy Research: 24(1), 49-56, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-1338.2007.00267.x.
Marchetti, A., Pilehvar, S., Pernia, D.L., Voet, O., Anaf, W., Nuyts, G., Otten, E., Demeyer, S., Schalm, O. and De Wael, K., 2017. Indoor environmental quality index for conservation environments: the
importance of including particulate matter. Journal of Building Environment: 126, 132-146, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.09.022.
Mendes, S., Raimundo, F. and Jorge, F., 2009. A model plan for buildings maintenance with application in the performance analysis of a composite facade cover. Journal of Construction and Building Materials: 23(10), 3248-3257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.05.008.
Murazaf, O. and Aditiyab, H.B., 2014. A review on insulation materials for energy conservation in buildings. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews: 238 (2), 607-619.
Naucler, T. and Enkvist, P.A., 2009. Pathways to a Low-carbon Economy: Version 2 of the Global Greenhouse Gas Abatement Cost Curve. McKinsey & Company: 192 p.
Park, S.J., Lee, K.T., Im, J.B. and Kim, J.H., 2022. The Need for Smart Architecture Caused by the Impact of COVID-19 upon Architecture and City: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability: 14(13), 7900. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137900
Paul, W.L. and Taylor, P.A., 2008. A comparison of occupant comfort and satisfaction between a green building and a conventional building. Journal of Building and Environment: 43(11), 1858-1870, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.11.006.
Portnov, B.A., Trop, T., Svechkina, A., Ofek, S., Akron, S. and Ghermandi, A., 2018. Factors affecting homebuyers' willingness to pay green building price premium: Evidence from a nationwide survey in Israel. Journal of Building and Environment: 137, 280-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.04.014. Pramanik, P.K.D., Mukherjee, B., Pal, S., Pal, T. and Singh, S.P., 2021. Green Smart Building: Requisites, Architecture, Challenges, and Use Cases. In book: Green Building Management and Smart Automation, Chapter: 1. IGI Global. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9032-4.ch002
Qian, K., Fan, K. and Chan, E.H.W., 2016. Regulatory incentives for green buildings: gross floor area concessions, Journal of Building Research and Information: 44(5-6), 675-693, DOI: 10.4324/9781351184212-14.
Rastogi, A., Choi, J.K., Hong, T. and Lee, M., 2017. Impact of different LEED versions for green building certification and energy efficiency rating system: a multifamily midrise case study, Journal of Applied Energy: 205, 732-740, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.08.149.
Shen, L., Yan, H., Fan, H., Wu, Y. and Zhang, Y., 2017. An integrated system of text mining technique and case-based reasoning (TM-CBR) for supporting green building design, Journal of Building and Environment: 124, 388-401, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.08.026.
Suzuki, Y., Kawakubo, S. and Deguchi, K., 2015. The relation between performance of green buildings and area characteristics, Journal of Environmental Engineering: 80(710), 359-369, DOI: 10.3130/aije.80.359.
Tatari, O. and Kucukvar, M., 2011. Cost premium prediction of certified green buildings: a neural network approach. Journal of Building and Environment: 46(5), 1081-1086, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.11.009.
Thomsen, J., Berker, T., Hauge, A.L., Denizou, K., Wago, S. and Jerko, S., 2013. The interaction between building and users in passive and zero-energy housing and offices: the role of interfaces, knowledge and user commitment, Journal of Smart and Sustainable Built Environment: 2 (1), 43-59, https://doi.org/10.1108/20466091311325845.
Xie, X., Lu, Y. and Gou, Z., 2017. Green building pro-environment behaviors: are green users also green buyers? Journal of Sustainability: 9(10), 1703, https://doi.org/10.3390/su9101703.
Yudelson, J. and Meyer, U., 2013. The World's Greenest Buildings: Promise versus Performance in Sustainable Design. Routledge. New York: 288 p.
Zainol, N.N., Mohammad, I.S., Baba, M., Woon, N.B., Ramli, N.A., Nazri, A.Q. and Lokman, M.A.A., 2014. Critical factors that lead to green building operations and maintenance problems in Malaysia: a preliminary study, Journal of Advanced Materials Research: 935, 23-26, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.935.23.
Zhang, H. and Zhou, Z., 2017. Design and implementation of energy management system software in green building, Journal of Acta Technica CSAV (Ceskoslovensk Akademie Ved): 62(1), 495-505. http://actatechnica.com/62(2017)-1A/Paper%2046%20Hongyan%20Zhang.pdf
Sustainable Development of Geographical Environment
Volume 5, Issue 9
January 2024
Pages 38-53
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics