Abstract

Background and purpose

The expansion of urbanization in the 20th and 21st centuries has caused migration from villages and small towns to larger cities, the spread of poverty, the emergence of economic, social, and physical inequalities, followed by uneven physical-spatial development. In recent decades, socio-economic inequalities have become increasingly apparent in cities, and as a result of the influx of immigrants, investments made and the development of urban infrastructure (e.g. airports and rapid transit systems), some cities or regions of cities are flourishing; But a large number of cities and regions are increasingly "abandoned". In Iran, due to the indiscriminate expansion of cities, centralized and top-down planning, etc., spatial differences and inequalities have been increasing at different levels; So that this situation has led to the emergence of serious problems such as migration from deprived areas to more developed and prosperous areas. The city of Yasouj has experienced significant growth and development in recent decades, because a huge wave of villagers and residents of neighboring cities have migrated to this city to benefit from these services and facilities, and this has caused the development and expansion of the city of Yasouj more than any other. There have been other times when this city has not been able to respond to this rapid growth in terms of service, administrative, religious, economic, commercial, etc. functions and has caused an increase in spatial-social segregation between urban areas. Therefore, the main problem of this research is to evaluate the effective factors in the physical-spatial development process of Yasouj based on the theoretical framework of spatial justice.

Methodology

The current study, with emphasis on quantitative, research strategy, tries to evaluate the factors in the development of Yasouj city. For this purpose, data has been collected using a Likert-made questionnaire. In order to estimate the validity of the questionnaire, experts (university professors) were used and the reliability of the study was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha of 0.89. The statistical population of this research includes all the citizens of Yasouj, who were asked randomly. The dependent variable in this research is the physical-spatial development of Yasouj city with the approach of spatial justice, and the independent variables include economic, social, physical-environmental, managerial-institutional dimensions. In order to check and prove the research hypotheses, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used by PLS3 software. The structural equation model identifies the internal relationships between variables and analyzes the effect of one variable on other variables. Its different stages include these steps: 1) interpretive structural modeling, 2) model evaluation and fitting, 3) structural model fitting and 4) general model fitting.

Findings and discussion

The results show the importance of four social indicators (with an effect coefficient of 0/355), economic (with an effect coefficient of 0/342), physical (with an effect coefficient of 0/491) and management (with an effect coefficient of 0/176) in the development of Yasouj city. In this survey, it has been determined that the least impact was on human development and management indicators, and the most emphasis was on establishing physical and socio-economic balance. Therefore, in the general conclusion, it should be stated that the development path in Yasouj city is a reverse path in the urban development theories of developed countries. This means that management, intellectual and human systems are considered as the heart of the urban planning system in most of the developed countries, and the physical and physical dimensions that are in accordance with the algebraic view of the city are less worthy of attention.

Conclusion

The requirement to achieve spatial justice in the city is to consider environmental-physical, social and economic dimensions, but Yasouj city in terms of diversity and urban vitality and spatial access, such as access and occupation of spaces, land use, access to urban services, the existence of urban facilities, Their fair distribution in the urban space and easy access of citizens is facing serious problems.