Analysis of the Effects of Coastal Tourism on the Sustainability of Coastal Villages (Case Study: Chabahar County)

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original article

Authors

1 Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.

2 Department of Iranian Studies,Vali-Asr University of Rafsanjan,Iran

3 Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: The coastal villages of Chabahar county, with favorable weather from spring to winter, have great potential for attracting tourists. The volcanic rocks, rocky beaches, mosques, traditional Baluchi life and texture, and numerous historical monuments are among the tourist attractions of this beautiful region. On the other hand, in the coastal villages of Chabahar county, due to the closure of borders, the lack of livelihood and income options due to geographical isolation, as well as the various potentials of this region for attracting tourists and the effects that tourism can have on the life of coastal villages in the region, the importance of tourism in this region has increased, which can improve rural sustainability in the study area. Given these interpretations, attention to coastal tourism and its effects on the sustainability of coastal villages in Chabahar county seems necessary.                                     
Materials and Methods: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and its method is descriptive-analytical. Theoretical studies were conducted using documentary methods and field data were collected using questionnaires and interviews with local people. The statistical population of the present study included coastal villages in Chabahar county in Sistan and Baluchestan province (N=3441). 345 households were selected as a sample using the Cochran formula and simple random sampling. Since the study area has 6 large villages, their selection was done by counting the total number of households. A researcher-made questionnaire in the form of a Likert scale was used to collect information and data. SPSS software, version 22, was used for analysis. Finally, analysis of variance, Fisher's exact test, and multivariate regression were used to analyze the data and information.                                                                                                  
Results and Discussion: Linear relationship between coastal tourism and rural sustainability, Fisher’s exact statistic (F) with the value (150/389) showed that this variable (coastal tourism) can be used to predict the dependent variable (rural sustainability). Based on the test findings, the influx of tourists and the development of the coastal tourism industry in the villages of Chabahar city have had positive effects on rural sustainability in the studied region and have increased the sustainability of rural households' lives by improving the economic situation, attracting government funds, and generally improving the situation of residents at different socio-economic levels. of coastal tourism on the sustainability dimensions of coastal villages: Effects A multivariate regression test showed that the development of coastal tourism in the villages of Chabahar county, indicated that the development of coastal tourism had the greatest impact on the sustainability of the economic (0.541), social (0.423), physical (0.389), and environmental (0.195) dimensions, respectively.                                                                                                      
Conclusion: Coastal tourism has led to an increase in the diversification of economic activities in villages, an increase in the price of agricultural land due to the construction of hotels and shops, an increase in the variety of job opportunities, the creation of rural employment, and the prevention of labor migration. In terms of social sustainability, it has also had positive effects in improving health facilities, increasing social interactions between local people and tourists, and increasing place attachment. In terms of physicality, it has also led to improvements in the repair and construction of new roads, an increase in the price of residential houses, the development of new housing, and the use of durable and disaster-resistant materials, and changes in the structure of the village in terms of construction. Finally, the results of the environmental effects of coastal tourism showed that in this regard, the effects were more negative than positive. Because it has contributed to environmental instability in coastal villages to some extent through environmental pollution, noise pollution, coastal degradation, etc.

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Main Subjects

References

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