نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه شهرسازی، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران.
2 گروه شهرسازی و معماری، واحد مراغه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مراغه، ایران
3 گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and Purpose: Pedestrians are an effective factor in improving urban spaces, physical health and quality of life of residents, reducing the negative impact of motor vehicles on the environment and strengthening social connections and social feelings among residents. Therefore, the spatial quality of pedestrians is the result of the interaction of a set of physical, social, aesthetic and functional factors. Therefore, understanding the causal relationships between these factors helps to develop an optimal model for designing, organizing and improving pedestrians. Therefore, considering the benefits and positive effects of sidewalks in various dimensions, as well as the importance of examining the causal relationships of the components explaining the spatial quality of sidewalks in order to develop a desirable design and planning model, the present study was written with the aim of explaining the causality of the spatial quality of sidewalks in Tabriz metropolis in order to develop a desirable model.
Methodology: The present study employs a mixed‑method research approach (quantitative and qualitative), with an applied purpose and a descriptive–analytical nature. First, the components explaining the spatial quality of pedestrian streets are extracted through documentary studies, and then the data are analyzed using expert surveys and the DEMATEL technique. Moreover, Grounded Theory is utilized to develop an optimal model for planning and designing pedestrian streets in the metropolis of Tabriz. The statistical population of the research consists of experts (specialists, managers, and urban officials) familiar with the pedestrian streets of Tabriz. Since the size of the population is unknown, a sample size of 100 participants was determined using Cohen’s method.
Findings and Discussion: The findings of the research, based on the examination of physical and aesthetic, functional and motor, social and cultural, environmental and perceptual and psychological criteria (spatial qualities), show that (1) the functional and motor criteria have the greatest impact and the perceptual and psychological criteria have the greatest impact. (2) The functional and motor, physical and aesthetic criteria have the greatest interaction with other criteria under study. (3) The functional and motor, physical and aesthetic and environmental criteria are causal variables and the social and cultural, perceptual and psychological criteria are effect variables. (4) The greatest power of influence is related to the functional and motor criteria and is positive. It can also be said that in the sidewalks of Tabriz metropolis, functional, physical and environmental criteria are of fundamental importance as causal variables. Also, the results of these space qualities will increase social interactions and improve perceptual and psychological criteria. The study of sub-criteria also indicates that increasing the durability and efficiency of space has the greatest impact and improving the quality of space experience has the greatest impact. Also, the criterion of increasing the durability and efficiency of space has the greatest interaction with other criteria. The greatest impact power has been related to the criteria of increasing the durability and efficiency of space, physical organization of space and continuity and movement integration, respectively. Also, out of the 24 criteria studied, 14 were causal criteria and 10 were effect criteria.
Conclusion: The results indicate that considering the causal relationships, on one hand, and integrating them into the spatial quality indicators discussed in international discourses—such as Comfort and Image (safety, attractiveness, legibility, identity, cleanliness, furnishings, aesthetics), Use and Activity (diversity of functions, mixed-use, functional sustainability, emphasis on human scale), Accessibility and Connectivity (expansion of visual connectivity of spaces, avoiding spatial discontinuity, permeability and access, spatial coherence and continuity), and Sociability (enhancing the sense of belonging to the space, diversity of social activities, inclusivity)—can lead to the successful implementation of a successful pedestrian street model in the metropolis of Tabriz. Furthermore, the extracted core category for the optimal planning and design of pedestrian streets in the metropolis of Tabriz is the “Integrated Model for Enhancing the Spatial Quality of Urban Pedestrian Streets with an Experience-Oriented, Context-Based, and Interaction-Focused Approach.” This core category posits that the quality of a pedestrian street is not achieved merely by aggregating indicators, but is rather the result of a dynamic and causal interaction among physical, functional, environmental, socio-cultural, and perceptual components. This interaction must be understood and designed within the context of Tabriz’s climate, culture, social behaviors, and physical structure.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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