تبیین اثرگذاری مشارکت شهرسازان در تحقق محله آرام (مطالعه موردی: محله باغ فیض منطقه پنج شهر تهران)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: چالش‌های توسعه شهری در سطح جهانی به دلیل شهرنشینی سریع و عدم توجه کافی به نیازهای معنوی شهروندان برای ایجاد آرامش کافی پدیدار شده است. این چالش‌ها از طریق کاهش امنیت، افزایش ترافیک، دسترسی ناکافی به خدمات شهری و تشدید نابرابری‌های اجتماعی نمایان می‌شود. فقدان اطلاعات و آگاهی، نبود اعتماد به نهادهای شهری، محدودیت منابع، ساختارهای تصمیم‌گیری سلسله‌مراتبی سنتی، مقاومت در برابر ایده‌های نوآورانه، ارتباط ضعیف بین برنامه‌ریزان شهری و سازمان‌ها، فقدان شفافیت و نبود اهداف راهبردی، موانع مهمی برای برنامه‌ریزی شهری مؤثر هستند. این مسائل شکافی بین شهروندان و نهادهای شهری ایجاد می‌کند که منجر به کاهش احساس تعلق و کاهش تمایل به حفاظت از فضاهای عمومی می‌شود. جنبش «محله آرام» به عنوان پاسخی برای بهبود کیفیت زندگی در عین کاهش سرعت شهری و اعتراض به فرهنگ فست‌فود و توسعه سریع پدیدار شد. این مطالعه با هدف تبیین تأثیر مؤلفه‌های مشارکت برنامه‌ریزان شهری بر دستیابی به محله آرام در محله باغ فیض، منطقه ۵ تهران انجام شده است.
مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهش از روش‌شناسی کاربردی با رویکرد توصیفی-تحلیلی استفاده می‌کند و از روش‌های تحقیق کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی ترکیبی بهره می‌برد. یک پرسشنامه جامع برای شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر تحقق شهر آرام طراحی شد که از رویکرد کمی از طریق مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری استفاده می‌کند. چارچوب نظری شامل متغیرهای مستقل (مؤلفه‌های مشارکت برنامه‌ریزان شهری) و متغیر وابسته (دستیابی به شهر آرام) است. پایایی با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ ارزیابی شد که مقادیر بالای ۰.۷ را نشان داد. بارهای عاملی برای تمام متغیرها از ۰.۴ بیشتر بود که پایایی و روایی سازه را تأیید می‌کند. جامعه آماری شامل ۲۴۶ کارشناس و مهندس برنامه‌ریزی شهری فعال در محله باغ فیض بود که به دلیل تخصص حرفه‌ای و دانش عمیق آن‌ها از فرآیندهای برنامه‌ریزی شهری انتخاب شدند. با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، ۱۵۴ نفر به عنوان حجم نمونه مناسب محاسبه شد. این مطالعه شامل کارشناسان از رشته‌های برنامه‌ریزی شهری، جغرافیا، معماری و مدیریت شهری بود. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SmartPLS نسخه ۴ انجام شد.
نتایج  و بحث: تحلیل مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری تأثیرات قابل توجه متغیرهای مختلف بر مشارکت برنامه‌ریزان شهری و دستیابی به شهر آرام را نشان داد. مشارکت برنامه‌ریزان شهری بیشترین تأثیر را بر کیفیت زندگی شهری نشان داد (۰.۹۱۴ = R²). عوامل کلیدی افزایش مشارکت شامل بهبود امکانات آموزشی، رعایت اصول پایداری و محیط‌زیست، ایجاد فضاهای عمومی و تفریحی و تعامل با ساکنان بود. تحلیل مؤلفه‌های حیاتی مانند دسترسی و تحرک، مسئولیت در اقدامات شهری، مشارکت در تصمیم‌گیری شهری، مدیریت فضای عمومی، مشارکت در طراحی شهری و همکاری با مقامات محلی را به عنوان عوامل مهم شناسایی کرد.
نتیجه‌گیری: این پژوهش نقش حیاتی مشارکت برنامه‌ریزان شهری در دستیابی به توسعه پایدار شهری و ارتقای کیفیت زندگی شهری را نشان می‌دهد. مشارکت فعال در فرآیندهای برنامه‌ریزی، ابتکارات آموزش شهروندی و ایجاد فضاهای شهری مناسب به طور قابل توجهی کیفیت زندگی را بهبود می‌بخشد و روابط اجتماعی را در بافت‌های شهری قدیمی و جدید محله تقویت می‌کند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که مشارکت مؤثر برنامه‌ریزان شهری به عنوان کاتالیزوری برای تحقق محله آرام عمل می‌کند که نیازمند رویکردهای جامع است که تخصص حرفه‌ای، مشارکت جامعه و اصول توسعه پایدار را یکپارچه می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Explaining Impact of Urban Planners' Participation in Achieving a Slow neighborhood (Case Study: Bagh-e- Feiz Neighborhood, 5th District, Tehran City)

نویسنده [English]

  • Negar Khoshtarash
Department of Urban Planning, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Urban development challenges have emerged globally due to rapid urbanization and inadequate attention to citizens’ need for urban tranquility. These challenges manifest through reduced security, traffic congestion, inadequate urban services, and social inequalities. The lack of information and awareness, absence of institutional trust, resource limitations, hierarchical decision-making structures, resistance to innovation, poor communication between planners and organizations, lack of transparency, and absence of strategic goals represent significant barriers to effective urban planning. These issues create gaps between citizens and institutions, leading to diminished belonging and reduced willingness to protect public spaces. The "Tranquil City" movement emerged to improve quality of life while reducing urban pace and protesting fast development patterns. This study examines the impact of urban planner participation components on achieving a tranquil city in Bagh-e-Feyz neighborhood, District 5, Tehran.
Materials and Methods: This research adopts an applied research approach with a descriptive-analytical approach and combines literature review and field data collection. A comprehensive questionnaire was designed to identify factors affecting the realization of quiet cities, using a quantitative approach through structural equation modeling. The theoretical framework includes independent variables (components of urban planners' participation) and a dependent variable (achieving a quiet city). Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, which showed values above 0.7. Factor loadings for all variables exceeded 0.4, confirming construct reliability and validity. The statistical population consisted of 246 urban planning experts and engineers active in the Bagh-e-Feyz neighborhood, selected due to their professional expertise and deep knowledge of urban planning processes. Using Cochran's formula, 154 individuals were calculated as an appropriate sample size. This study included experts from disciplines including urban planning, geography, architecture, and urban management. Data analysis was performed using SmartPLS software version 4.
Results and Discussion: Structural equation modeling analysis revealed significant effects of various variables on urban planners' participation and achieving a quiet city. Urban planners' participation showed the greatest impact on urban quality of life (R² = 0.914). Key factors enhancing participation included improving educational facilities, adhering to sustainability and environmental principles, creating public and recreational spaces, and engaging with residents. The analysis identified critical components such as accessibility and mobility, responsibility in urban actions, participation in urban decision-making, public space management, participation in urban design, and collaboration with local authorities as significant factors.
Conclusion: This research demonstrates the critical role of urban planners' participation in achieving sustainable urban development and enhancing urban quality of life. Active participation in planning processes, citizen education initiatives, and creating appropriate urban spaces significantly improve quality of life and strengthen social relations in both old and new urban fabrics. The findings indicate that effective urban planners' participation acts as a catalyst for achieving a tranquil city, requiring comprehensive approaches integrating professional expertise, community engagement, and sustainable development principles. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers and urban planning professionals seeking to implement tranquil city concepts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainable urban development
  • peaceful city
  • participation
  • Urban planner participation

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فصلنامه علمی توسعه پایدار محیط جغرافیایی
دوره 7، شماره 15 - شماره پیاپی 15
زمستان
دی 1404
صفحه 105-120

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